Document 0518
 DOCN  M9480518
 TI    Pentoxifylline aggravates impairment in tumor necrosis factor-alpha
       secretion and increases mycobacterial load in macrophages from AIDS
       patients with disseminated Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex
       infection.
 DT    9410
 AU    Sathe SS; Sarai A; Tsigler D; Nedunchezian D; Div. of Infectious
       Diseases, Brooklyn VA Medical Center, NY; 11209.
 SO    J Infect Dis. 1994 Aug;170(2):484-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94308627
 AB    Pentoxifylline, which inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha),
       decreases human immunodeficiency virus replication in peripheral blood
       mononuclear cells. However, TNF alpha is important in cellular defense
       against M. avium-intracellulare complex (MAC), a common infection in
       advanced AIDS. The effect of pentoxifylline on mycobacterial colony
       counts in macrophages with in vivo MAC infection was evaluated, and
       differences in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TNF release in infected
       and uninfected macrophages were determined. Macrophages with in vivo MAC
       infection released much less TNF alpha in response to LPS (P = .01). The
       response was partially restored after antimycobacterial therapy.
       Pentoxifylline, in a concentration that inhibited LPS-induced TNF alpha
       by 52.4%, increased MAC counts by 2.5- to 50.0-fold. Thus, macrophages
       from AIDS patients with disseminated MAC infection are deficient in
       their ability to release TNF alpha, and further inhibition by
       pentoxifylline may be detrimental.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/DRUG THERAPY  AIDS-Related
       Opportunistic Infections/DRUG THERAPY/*IMMUNOLOGY  Colony Count,
       Microbial  Human  Lipopolysaccharides/PHARMACOLOGY  Macrophages/*DRUG
       EFFECTS/IMMUNOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY  Mycobacterium avium Complex/*DRUG
       EFFECTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT/  IMMUNOLOGY  Mycobacterium
       avium-intracellulare Infection/DRUG THERAPY/  *IMMUNOLOGY
       Pentoxifylline/*ADVERSE EFFECTS/THERAPEUTIC USE  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
       Tumor Necrosis Factor/ANTAGONISTS & INHIB/*SECRETION  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).